The basic meaning – ‘go, yield, give way’ – are clear in cede. One country may cede, or yield or give up, land to another after a defeat in a war.
Ante- in antecedent means ‘before’. Antecedents are therefore things or people that went before (or preceded) something. Stephenson’s Rocket was the antecedent of today’s railway locomotives.
The con- in concede means ‘thoroughly, utterly’. So conceding to an opponent means yielding or giving up completely. You can also concede defeat. To concede also means ‘to grant, admit, acknowledge as being true’. You will surely concede that this is so. It is only a small concession.
Ex- means ‘beyond’, so something that exceeds your expectations ‘goes beyond’ them or surpasses them. Something that is exceedingly good is good beyond what you expect – that is, very good. The noun from exceed is excess – an immoderate amount, a surplus. You should always avoid excess in all things. Excess fat is too much fat, as when you are overweight.
If you proceed, you ‘go forward’. This might be down the road, or it might means that you begin to.
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